系統思考與管理

以系統思考手法分析國中生數學學習動機與行為

曾清枝、張添順

摘要

本研究試圖導入系統思考法以全面分析台灣國中之高低分群學生在數學學習過程中數學學習行為與動機變化。在建構因果回饋關係的環路模式過程中，透過由具豐富教學經驗老師組成焦點團體會議以識別出影響學生數學學習之各種變數和因果關係，再以系統思考法工具中系統基模探索學生數學學習行為並建構具因果回饋關係的環路模式。研究結果數學表現低分群學生數學學習動機行為的大圖像係由基本學習增強環路與認知負載調節環路組合成引起學習動機的因果回饋圖，並加上動機下降調節環路和維持動機調節環路所組成。而高分群學生數學學習動機行為的大圖像則由個人學習增強環路與團體學習增強環路組合成引起學習動機的因果回饋圖，以及動機下降調節環路和維持動機增強環路所組成。在學生學習行為方面，以「捨本逐末」基模呈現學生數學學習追求速解行為的副作用。

關鍵詞：學習動機，焦點團體，系統思考，因果回饋，系統基模

Analysis of motivation and behavior to learn Mathematics in secondary school

Ching-Chih Tseng and Tian-shun Chang

Abstract

This study attempts to introduce a systems thinking approach to comprehensively analyze mathematics learning behaviors and motivation change to learn mathematics of high- and low- score group students in mathematics performance in Taiwan secondary school. In constructing causal feedback maps, a focus group meeting composed of teachers with rich teaching experience is used to identify various variables that affect students 'mathematics learning and their causal relationships, to explore the students' mathematics learning behavior using system model, and then to construct causal feedback maps. The study found that the big map of mathematics learning behavior of low-score group of students are composed of a basic learning enhancement loop and a cognitive load adjustment loop to form a causal feedback graph and embeds a motivation decline adjustment loop and a maintenance motivation adjustment loop. The big map of mathematics learning behavior of high-score group of students is combined from the individual learning enhancement loop and the group learning enhancement loop into a causal feedback graph that causes learning motivation, and the motivation decline adjustment loop and the maintenance motivation enhancement loop. In learning mathematics behavior, the side effects of students' pursuit of quick solution in mathematics learning are presented with the basic model of "get one's priorities wrong".

Keywords: motivation to learn, focus group, systems thinking, casual feedback, system basic model

Received:
Accepted: