系統思考與管理

吸收能耐不足限制臺灣創新系統嗎

羅世輝、劉成達

摘要

本文以系統思考觀點，從企業/產業知識創造角度，檢視臺灣創新系統產品創新的過程，以瞭解其經濟貢獻偏低原因。研究發現，在長、短期績效誘因影響下，運用型創新主導結構，系統自我誘發一不預期的「吸收能耐」的負鏈結環路，回饋抑制原進行的創新活動。解決之道是及早在高級人力資源上做積極持續的投資，政策槓桿解是以國際化交流改善國家創新系統內長期吸收能耐不足。本文亦提出系統觀點不同於自然科學線性解析取向，而是結構解釋的模型，強調回饋、自我組織、與環境有關等互依關係。

關鍵詞：國家創新系統、系統思考、成長與投資不足、系統觀、雙面靈活組織

Does Insufficient Absorptive Capacity Limit Innovation System in Taiwan?

Shih-Hui Lo, Cheng-Da Liu

Abstract

This study, with the perspective of systems thinking, examined the process of product innovation in Taiwan’s Innovation System and tried to understand why its economic contribution from innovation had been below the average from the viewpoint of knowledge creation of firm/industry. The result found that under the interaction of long-term and short-term incentives the exploitative innovation dominated the structure and an unintended negative loop of “absorptive capacity”, which counteracted the innovation before, then emerged from the system of its own accord. The remedy for this was doing a more active and continuous investment in senior human resources at early stage. With the leverage policy of international communication, the National Innovation System could fix the insufficiency of absorptive capacity itself. Besides, this study proposed that systems approach was not linear analytical approach of physical science but a model of structural explanation, focusing on the interdependence relationship of feedback, self-organizing, and environment-full.

Keywords: National Innovation System, Systems Thinking, Growth and Underinvestment, Systems Approach, Organizational Ambidexterity

Received: 2016-09-02
Accepted: 2016-12-13